Terminology


ATTACKS

Ai Hanmi Katate Tori Right to right or left to left wrist grasp

Chudan Tsuki Thrust or punch to stomach or solar plexus

Gyaku Hanmi Katate Tori Right to left or left to right wrist grasp

Gyaku Yokomen Oroshi Reverse strike to the side of the head

Hiji Tori Grasp to the elbow

Jodan Tsuki Punch to the head

Kata Katate Tori Grasp to the shoulder and wrist of one arm

Kata Tori Grasp to the shoulder

Kata Tori Menuchi Grasp of one shoulder followed by a strike to the head. Can be either a Shomen Uchi or Yokomen Uchi strike

Katate Eri Tori Single hand grasp to collar or lapel

Katate Mune Tori Single hand grasp to front of upper chest

Katate Tori Single hand grasp to wrist

Mune Tori Yokomen Kiri Komi Single hand grasp to front of upper chest followed by a strike to the side of the head with free hand

Mune Tsuki Punch or thrust to the upper chest

Ryo Hiji Tori Grasp of both elbows

Ryo Kata Tori Grasp of both shoulders

Ryote Eri Tori Two handed grasp of collar or lapels

Ryote Mochi Two handed grasp of one wrist

Ryote Tori Both hands grasping both wrists

Shomen Kiri Komi Cutting blow to head either with the edge of hand

Shomen Oroshi Downward blow to head with clenched fist

Shomen Uchi Strike to top of head

Sode Tori Yokomen Kiri Komi Sleeve hold followed by blow to side of head

Ushiro Attack from behind

Ushiro Chudan Tsuki Strike to centre of the back

Ushiro Eri Tori Collar grasp from behind

Ushiro Katate Eri Tori Single handed rear collar grasp

Ushiro Katate Tori Kubi Shimi Rear one arm strangle & wrist grasp

Ushiro Kubi Shimi Rear two hand strangle

Ushiro Kubi Shimi Ude Gatami Rear one arm strangle & straight arm lock

Ushiro Ryo Hiji Tori Both elbows grasped from behind

Ushiro Ryo Kata Tori Both shoulders grasped from behind

Ushiro Ryote Kubi Shimi Two handed choke from behind

Ushiro Ryote Tori Both wrists grasped from behind

Yoko Gedan Tsuki Blow or thrust to the side of the body

Yoko Nanami Oblique strike diagonally across the body

Yoko Tsuki Side thrust or blow

Yokomen Kiri Komi Cutting strike to the side of head,

Yokomen Oroshi 'Hooking' blow to side of head

TECHNIQUES

Aiki Kokyo Nage - Aiki breath power throw

Aiki Nage - Technically any Aiki throw, but see own Sensei for specific throw required for gradings

Aiki Otoshi - Aiki drop, again technically any Aiki drop but normally Sukui Nage is the one required

Gokyo (Ude Nobashi) - 5th Set of techniques (Weapons taking)

Hiji Gaeshi - Elbow turn

Hiji Kimi Osae - Elbow bending pin (Elbow to elbow)

Ikkyo (Ude Osae) - First immobilisation

Irimi Nage - Entering throw

Irimitsuki - Entering thrust

Juji Garami Nage - Cross arm throw

Jo Tori - Stick taking techniques

Kaiten Nage - Rotary throw

Kihon No Waza - Basic techniques

Kiri Otoshi - Cutting drop

Ko Ho Tento Ukemi - Rear rolling breakfall

Kokyo Nage - Breath power throw

Kokyo Ho - Breath power method

Kote Gaeshi - Wrist turn over

Kote Hineri (Sankyo) - Third immobilisation

Kote Mawashi (Nikkyo) - Second immobilisation

Nikkyo (Kote Mawashi) - Second immobilisation

Sankyo (Kote Hineri) - Third immobilisation

Shiho Nage - Four direction throw

Sokumen Irimi Nage - Second form entering throw

Sumi Otoshi - Corner drop

Tekube Osae (Yonkyo) - Fourth immobilisation

Tenchi Nage - Heaven and earth throw

Ude Garami Nage - Arm entangled throw

Ude Kimi Nage - Arm bending throw

Ude Kimi Osae - Arm bending pin (Hand to elbow)

Ude Nobashi (Gokyo) - 5th Set of techniques (Weapons taking)

Ude Osae (Ikkyo) - First immobilisation

Ushiro Chudan Tsuki Kote Gaeshi - Rear punch wrist turn over

Ushiro Kiri Otoshi - Rearwards cutting drop

Ushiro Otoshi - Rearwards drop

Yama Biki No Michi - Path of a mountain echo

Yoko Guruma - Side wheel

Yoko Wakaree - Side separation

Yokomen Kiri Komi - Cutting strike to the side of head, either with the edge of the hand or the edge of a tanto

Yonkyo (Tekube Osae) - Fourth immobilisation

GENERAL TERMINOLOGY

Aikido - The 'way' of harmony

Ashi - Leg or foot

Ayumi Ashi - Normal walking

Atemi - Strike (hit, punch or kick)

Bokken - Wooden sword

Bokken Tori - Wooden sword taking techniques

Dojo - Training hall or room

Hanmi - Posture in relation to opponent

Hanmi Handachi - Tori Kneeling, Uke Standing

Hidari - Left hand side

Hiki Taoshi - Pulling down techniques (ie. Sankyo)

Irimi - To enter or entering

Jime/Shime - To tighten or strangle

Jo - Four foot stick or staff

Jo Tori - Stick taking techniques

Jo Waza - Techniques performed using a stick

Kamae - Posture

Kamiza - The 'shrine' where O Sensei's picture is placed)

b. Paper

c. Gods

Kata - a. Form or drill type of training method

b. Shoulder

c. One

Katame Waza (Osae Waza) - Hold down techniques

Kihon No Waza - Basic techniques

Keikogi - Practice kit

Ko Ho Tento Ukemi - Rear rolling breakfall

Kokyo Ho - Breath power method

Kube Nage - Neck throw

Mai Ai - Correct distance between Tori & Uke

Mai Ukemi - Forward breakfall

Nage - To throw

Nage Waza - Throwing techniques

Obi - Belt

Osae - Pin (ie. Osae Waza = 'pin down' techniques)

Osae Waza (Katame Waza) - Hold Down/Pin techniques

Oshi - To push (Nikkyo is an oshi taioshi or 'push down' technique)

Oshi Taoshi - Pushing down techniques (ie. Ikkyo)

Randori - Freestyle practise (neither attacks nor defences named)

Rei - Bow (ie. tachi rei = standing bow, performed by students to each other, before practising techniques)

Renraku Waza - Combination techniques

Renzoku Waza - Continuation techniques

Ryo Gan Tsuki - Two finger thrust to the eyes, can be used as attack or defence

Seiza - Kneel or sit down

Shikko - Knee walking

Shime - See JIME

Shizentai - Natural, upright posture

Sode - Sleeve

Soto - Outside or outer

Suwari Waza - Techniques performed with Tori & Uke kneeling

Tachi - Standing (ie. Tachi rei = standing bow)

Tai Sabaki - Body movement

Taiho Jutsu - Arrest techniques (with or without a baton)

Tanto - Knife

Tanto Tori - Knife taking techniques

Tanto Waza - Knife techniques

Tatami - Practise mats

Tate - Vertical or standing

Te - Hand

Tenkan - Outside or bypass

Ten Kai Ashi - Pivot

Tenkan Ashi - Step pivot

Tori - a. Defender

b. To grasp, hold in hands.

Tsugi Ashi - Sliding step or method of walking whereby the rear foot slides up to, but never passes, the front foot

Tsuki - Poke, stab or thrust forward (ie. mune tsuki = punch to chest), pronounced ski

Uchi - Inside or inner

Ude - Arm

Uke - To receive, commonly used as a term to describe the attacker, or person the technique is being applied to.

Ukemi - Breakfall

Undo - Exercise (ie. Ko Ho Tento Undo = Backward rolling exercise)

Ushiro Ukemi - Rear breakfall

Waza - Technique, commonly used to refer to a set of techniques (ie. Nage Waza = throwing techniques)

Yubi - Fingers or toes

Yoko Hiki Taoshi - Side pushing down technique

Yoko Oshi Taoshi - Side pulling down technique

Yoko Ukemi - Side breakfall

Zanshin - Awareness

Zempo Kaiten Ukemi - Forward rolling breakfall